Prenatal hypoplasia is a generalized hypoplasia. Some diseases during pregnancy and, very low birthweight can create this type of hypoplasia. In this patient all of posterior teeth and two third of incisal parts of anterior were involved with severe hypoplasia.

Pulp treatment in PRIMARY DENTITION is generally divided into vital and non-vital pulp therapies and assists in the preservation of pulpally involved PRIMARY teeth in the dental arch until the affected tooth naturally exfoliates. The success of pulp therapies depends on several factors,e. g. proper case selection, accurate diagnosis and good coronal seal. To date, studies on the success and failure rates of pulp treatments are based on clinical signs and symptoms, radiographic findings and histological analysis. However, the clinical and radiographic evidence may not completely portray the true status of the dental pulp. Histological evidence remains the gold standard in the assessment of pulp condition, whether it is in a healthy or adverse state. The aims of the current research were to summarise the treatment outcomes of pulp therapy in PRIMARY DENTITION based on clinical, radiographic and histological criteria, and to support its relevance in the presence of limited histological evidence to measure authentic treatment success. An electronic database search of dental literature from 1990 to 2022 was carried out using the MEDLINE, i. e. PubMed, database. Current dental literature showed that the success rates of PRIMARY tooth pulp therapy are high. The obtained results were based largely on clinical and radiographic studies with narrow histological investigations to assess the treatment outcome(s) of pulp therapy in PRIMARY DENTITION. Despite the scarcity of histological evidence, pulp therapies in PRIMARY teeth are still practical due to their statistically empirical success compared to their failure. Consequently, pulp therapy of PRIMARY DENTITION is still relevant, and should continue to be indicated as an important treatment option.

Background: PRIMARY DENTITION takes the most important role in the development of permanent DENTITION. PRIMARY second molars determine the eruption and position of permanent first molars. Early diagnosis and treatment could prevent the establishment of occlusal anomalies and deformities, therefore this study aimed to collect data about the prevalence of malocclusions based on the deciduous second molar terminal planes among the Tbilisi preschoolers. Methods: A total of 396 children aged 3-6 years, with an equal number of male and female subjects, were examined in kindergartens drawn from ten districts of Tbilisi, using the PPS (probability proportional to size) method. The relationship between distal surfaces of PRIMARY second molars was evaluated and recorded according to Baume’, s classification. The significance level is 0. 05 for all statistical tests. Results: Out of investigated preschoolers, 52. 7% showed the flush terminal plane, followed by the distal step in 21. 2% and mesial step in 26. 1% of cases. There were no significant differences in genders. The most prevalent relationship between deciduous second molars was the flush terminal plane, with equal distribution in all age groups. The frequency of distal step decreased with age, more frequently recorded in the 3 to 4 year age group. The mesial step was mostly recorded in 3-4 and 5-6 year groups. Conclusion: The flush terminal plane is the most frequent molar relationship, followed by mesial and distal step. Prevalence of distal mesial step significantly decreased with age, while mesial step relationship showed the tendency to increase. The flush terminal plane showed little change with age.